a mechanism to situate measurements on a geometric body, such as the Earth; establishes a point of origin, orientation of reference axes, and geometric meaning of measurements, as well as units of measure. [basis of coordinates.]

Description of position in the real world.

a measurement framework that identifies a particular category, then maps the location of that object (as a point, a line or an area).

Object used for representing a spatial characteristic of a feature.

degree of correlation between a surface value and the values of its neighbors; propensity of spatial data to vary smoothly.

The process of modeling, examining, and interpreting model results. Spatial analysis is useful for evaluating suitability and capability, for estimating and predicting, and for interpreting and understanding. 

[data structure] The spaghetti data model is a simple GIS model where lines may cross without intersecting or topology and usually no attributes are created.

Reference to the source of an item that has been adopted from a source external to the register.

Sound Navigation And Ranging.

Sensor that uses sound navigation and ranging technology for sensing.

3-dimensional geometric primitive, representing the continuous image of a region of Euclidean 3 space.

Soil data consist of georeferenced digital map data and associated tabular attribute data. The map data describe the spatial distribution of the various soils that cover Earth’s surface. The attribute data describe the proportionate extent of the various soils, as well as the physical and chemical characteristics of those soils. The physical and chemical properties are based on observed and measured values, as well as model-generated values. Also included are model-generated assessments of the suitability or limitations of the soils to various land uses.

Source: OMB Circular A–16: Appendix E (2002)

Category: NSDI Data Themes (NDT)

[editing] The snapping environment in GIS determines the distance that newly digitized points, lines and polygons will occupy the same location of existing features.

Rate of change of elevation with respect to curve length.